Phase change materials (PCMs) are substances that absorb or release large amounts of heat when they change their physical state—typically from solid to liquid or vice versa. This makes them highly effective for thermal energy storage, helping to regulate temperature in buildings, textiles, electronics, and transportation.
In construction, PCMs are integrated into walls, floors, and ceilings to absorb excess heat during the day and release it at night, reducing HVAC loads and improving energy efficiency. In textiles, they help regulate body temperature in garments, bedding, and footwear. Electronics and batteries benefit from PCMs as they maintain optimal operating temperatures.
PCMs come in three main types: organic (like paraffin), inorganic (like salt hydrates), and eutectic mixtures. They are selected based on the temperature range and application needs.
With energy efficiency becoming a top priority across sectors, phase change materials offer an innovative solution to reduce energy consumption and improve thermal management. Their smart, passive temperature control capabilities make them a valuable tool in sustainable design and technology.